Acts 21:20

Authorized King James Version

And when they heard it, they glorified the Lord, and said unto him, Thou seest, brother, how many thousands of Jews there are which believe; and they are all zealous of the law:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
ἀκούσαντες
when they heard
to hear (in various senses)
#4
ἐδόξαζον
it they glorified
to render (or esteem) glorious (in a wide application)
#5
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
Κύριον·
the Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#7
εἶπόν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#8
τε
and
both or also (properly, as correlation of g2532)
#9
αὐτῷ
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
Θεωρεῖς
Thou seest
to be a spectator of, i.e., discern, (literally, figuratively (experience) or intensively (acknowledge))
#11
ἀδελφέ
G80
brother
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#12
πόσαι
how many
interrogative pronoun (of amount) how much (large, long or (plural) many)
#13
μυριάδες
thousands
a ten-thousand; by extension, a "myriad" or indefinite number
#14
εἰσὶν
there are
they are
#15
Ἰουδαίων
of Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#16
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
πεπιστευκότων
believe
to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch
#18
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#19
πάντες
all
all, any, every, the whole
#20
ζηλωταὶ
zealous
a "zealot"
#21
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
νόμου
of the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#23
ὑπάρχουσιν·
they are
to begin under (quietly), i.e., come into existence (be present or at hand); expletively, to exist (as copula or subordinate to an adjective, particip

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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