Acts 19:9

Authorized King James Version

But when divers were hardened, and believed not, but spake evil of that way before the multitude, he departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὡς
when
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
#2
δέ
But
but, and, etc
#3
τινός
divers
some or any person or object
#4
ἐσκληρύνοντο
were hardened
to indurate, i.e., (figuratively) render stubborn
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
ἠπείθουν
believed not
to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely)
#7
κακολογοῦντες
but spake evil
to revile
#8
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ὁδὸν
of that way
a road; by implication, a progress (the route, act or distance); figuratively, a mode or means
#10
ἐνώπιον
before
in the face of (literally or figuratively)
#11
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
πλήθους
the multitude
a fulness, i.e., a large number, throng, populace
#13
ἀποστὰς
he departed
to remove, i.e., (actively) instigate to revolt; usually (reflexively) to desist, desert, etc
#14
ἀπ'
from
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#15
αὐτῶν
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#16
ἀφώρισεν
and separated
to set off by boundary, i.e., (figuratively) limit, exclude, appoint, etc
#17
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
μαθητάς
the disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#19
καθ'
daily
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
#20
ἡμέραν
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#21
διαλεγόμενος
disputing
to say thoroughly, i.e., discuss (in argument or exhortation)
#22
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#23
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#24
σχολῇ
the school
properly, loitering (as a withholding of oneself from work) or leisure, i.e., (by implication) a "school" (as vacation from physical employment)
#25
Τυράννου
Tyrannus
a "tyrant"; tyrannus, an ephesian
#26
τινός
divers
some or any person or object

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Acts. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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