Matthew 22:42
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Matthew 22:42
42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.
Chapter Context
Matthew 22 is a biographical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of righteousness, prayer, hope. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-90 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christianity was separating from Judaism following Jerusalem's destruction.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-46: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides guidance for worship and spiritual devotion. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Matthew and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Matthew 22:42
42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.
Analysis
Jesus' question 'What think ye of Christ? whose son is he?' tests the Pharisees' messianic understanding. Their answer 'The son of David' (v. 42) was correct but incomplete. Jesus then asks how David could call his descendant 'Lord' (v. 43-44, quoting Psalm 110:1). The dilemma: how can Messiah be both David's son (descendant) and David's Lord (superior)? The answer: Jesus is both human (David's son) and divine (David's Lord)—the God-man.
Historical Context
Psalm 110:1 was recognized as messianic. David, writing by the Spirit, called Messiah 'my Lord'—but ancestors don't call descendants 'Lord.' This paradox reveals Messiah's dual nature—fully human (descended from David) and fully God (David's Lord). The Pharisees couldn't answer (v. 46), showing their inadequate christology.
Reflection
- How does recognizing Jesus as both David's son and Lord shape your worship?
- Why is Jesus' dual nature (human and divine) essential to salvation?
Cross-References
- References Christ: Matthew 1:1, Colossians 3:11
- References David: Matthew 9:27, 21:9, Amos 9:11
- Parallel theme: Matthew 14:33, John 1:49, 20:28