Ruth 2:20

Authorized King James Version

And Naomi said unto her daughter in law, Blessed be he of the LORD, who hath not left off his kindness to the living and to the dead. And Naomi said unto her, The man is near of kin unto us, one of our next kinsmen.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֹּ֧אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
נָֽעֳמִ֗י
And Naomi
noomi, an israelitess
#3
לְכַלָּתָ֗הּ
unto her daughter in law
a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
#4
בָּר֥וּךְ
Blessed
to kneel; by implication to bless god (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (god or the king, as
#5
הוּא֙
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#6
לַֽיהוָ֔ה
be he of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#7
אֲשֶׁר֙
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#9
עָזַ֣ב
who hath not left off
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
#10
חַסְדּ֔וֹ
his kindness
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#11
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#12
הַֽחַיִּ֖ים
to the living
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#13
וְאֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#14
הַמֵּתִ֑ים
and to the dead
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#15
וַתֹּ֧אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#16
לָ֣הּ
H0
#17
נָֽעֳמִ֗י
And Naomi
noomi, an israelitess
#18
קָר֥וֹב
is near of kin
near (in place, kindred or time)
#19
לָ֙נוּ֙
H0
#20
הָאִ֔ישׁ
unto her The man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#21
מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּ
unto us one of our next kinsmen
to redeem (according to the middle eastern law of kinship), i.e., to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his wido
#22
הֽוּא׃
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Ruth. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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