Romans 8:29

Authorized King James Version

For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὅτι
For
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#2
οὓς
whom
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#3
προέγνω
he did foreknow
to know beforehand, i.e., foresee
#4
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
προώρισεν
did predestinate
to limit in advance, i.e., (figuratively) predetermine
#6
συμμόρφους
to be conformed
jointly formed, i.e., (figuratively) similar
#7
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
εἰκόνος
to the image
a likeness, i.e., (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance
#9
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
υἱοῦ
Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#11
αὐτὸν
he
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
εἰς
that
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#13
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
εἶναι
might be
to exist
#15
αὐτὸν
he
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#16
πρωτότοκον
the firstborn
first-born (usually as noun, literally or figuratively)
#17
ἐν
among
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#18
πολλοῖς
many
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
#19
ἀδελφοῖς·
G80
brethren
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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