Romans 8:10

Authorized King James Version

And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
Χριστὸς
Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
#4
ἐν
be in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#5
ὑμῖν
you
to (with or by) you
#6
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
μὲν
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
#8
σῶμα
the body
the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively
#9
νεκρὸν
is dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
#10
διὰ
because
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#11
ἁμαρτίαν
of sin
a sin (properly abstract)
#12
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#14
πνεῦμα
the Spirit
a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin
#15
ζωὴ
is life
life (literally or figuratively)
#16
διὰ
because
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#17
δικαιοσύνην
of righteousness
equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification

Analysis

Within the broader context of Romans, this passage highlights judgment and justice through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of righteousness connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about righteousness, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Romans.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of judgment and justice within the theological tradition of Romans Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes righteousness in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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