Romans 11:12

Authorized King James Version

Now if the fall of them be the riches of the world, and the diminishing of them the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fulness?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#2
δὲ
Now
but, and, etc
#3
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
παράπτωμα
the fall
a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e., (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression
#5
αὐτῶν
of them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
πλοῦτος
be the riches
wealth (as fulness), i.e., (literally) money, possessions, or (figuratively) abundance, richness, (specially), valuable bestowment
#7
κόσμου
of the world
orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
#8
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#9
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
ἥττημα
the diminishing
a deterioration, i.e., (objectively) failure or (subjectively) loss
#11
αὐτῶν
of them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
πλοῦτος
be the riches
wealth (as fulness), i.e., (literally) money, possessions, or (figuratively) abundance, richness, (specially), valuable bestowment
#13
ἐθνῶν
of the Gentiles
a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
#14
πόσῳ
how
interrogative pronoun (of amount) how much (large, long or (plural) many)
#15
μᾶλλον
much more
(adverbially) more (in a greater degree)) or rather
#16
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
πλήρωμα
fulness
repletion or completion, i.e., (subjectively) what fills (as contents, supplement, copiousness, multitude), or (objectively) what is filled (as contai
#18
αὐτῶν
of them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

Within the broader context of Romans, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Romans.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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