Psalms 84:6

Authorized King James Version

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Who passing through the valley of Baca make it a well; the rain also filleth the pools.

Original Language Analysis

עֹבְרֵ֤י׀ Who passing H5674
עֹבְרֵ֤י׀ Who passing
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 1 of 9
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
בְּעֵ֣מֶק through the valley H6010
בְּעֵ֣מֶק through the valley
Strong's: H6010
Word #: 2 of 9
a vale (i.e., broad depression)
הַ֭בָּכָא of Baca H1056
הַ֭בָּכָא of Baca
Strong's: H1056
Word #: 3 of 9
baca, a valley in palestine
מַעְיָ֣ן it a well H4599
מַעְיָ֣ן it a well
Strong's: H4599
Word #: 4 of 9
a fountain (also collectively), figuratively, a source (of satisfaction)
יְשִׁית֑וּהוּ make H7896
יְשִׁית֑וּהוּ make
Strong's: H7896
Word #: 5 of 9
to place (in a very wide application)
גַּם H1571
גַּם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 6 of 9
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
בְּ֝רָכ֗וֹת the pools H1293
בְּ֝רָכ֗וֹת the pools
Strong's: H1293
Word #: 7 of 9
benediction; by implication prosperity
יַעְטֶ֥ה also filleth H5844
יַעְטֶ֥ה also filleth
Strong's: H5844
Word #: 8 of 9
to wrap, i.e., cover, veil, clothe, or roll
מוֹרֶֽה׃ the rain H4175
מוֹרֶֽה׃ the rain
Strong's: H4175
Word #: 9 of 9
an archer; also teacher or teaching; also the early rain

Analysis & Commentary

Who passing through the valley of Baca make it a well; the rain also filleth the pools. This enigmatic verse depicts pilgrims transforming barren terrain through faith and divine blessing. "Valley of Baca" (עֵמֶק הַבָּכָא/emek habaka) can mean "valley of weeping" or "valley of balsam trees." Either reading yields profound meaning: a place of sorrow transformed, or a dry valley made fruitful.

"Make it a well" (מַעְיָן יְשִׁיתוּהוּ/ma'yan yeshituhu) describes pilgrims creating water sources in waterless places. This isn't mere physical effort but spiritual transformation. Those journeying to God's house bring blessing even to difficult paths. Their faith transforms barrenness into fertility, tears into springs.

"The rain also filleth the pools" (גַּם־בְּרָכוֹת יַעְטֶה מוֹרֶה/gam-berachot ya'teh moreh) suggests divine cooperation with human faith. Moreh can mean early rain or teacher. God's blessing (rain) meets the pilgrim's effort (digging wells), filling pools in the desert. This anticipates Isaiah 35:6-7, where desert blossoms and water breaks forth for redeemed pilgrims, and ultimately the living water Christ offers (John 4:14, 7:38).

Historical Context

Pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem from northern regions would traverse the arid Judean wilderness, a journey requiring multiple days through difficult terrain. The 'valley of Baca' may refer to a specific location or represent any difficult passage. Ancient pilgrimage involved hardship—heat, thirst, danger—yet worshipers transformed trials into testimony of God's faithfulness. The imagery of making wells recalls patriarchal narratives where Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob dug wells, marking God's provision (Genesis 21:30, 26:18-22).

Questions for Reflection