Psalms 78:8
And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God.
Original Language Analysis
וְלֹ֤א
H3808
וְלֹ֤א
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
1 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יִהְי֨וּ׀
H1961
יִהְי֨וּ׀
Strong's:
H1961
Word #:
2 of 15
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כַּאֲבוֹתָ֗ם
And might not be as their fathers
H1
כַּאֲבוֹתָ֗ם
And might not be as their fathers
Strong's:
H1
Word #:
3 of 15
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
דּ֭וֹר
a generation
H1755
דּ֭וֹר
a generation
Strong's:
H1755
Word #:
4 of 15
properly, a revolution of time, i.e., an age or generation; also a dwelling
וּמֹ֫רֶ֥ה
and rebellious
H4784
וּמֹ֫רֶ֥ה
and rebellious
Strong's:
H4784
Word #:
6 of 15
to be (causatively, make) bitter (or unpleasant); (figuratively) to rebel (or resist; causatively, to provoke)
דּ֭וֹר
a generation
H1755
דּ֭וֹר
a generation
Strong's:
H1755
Word #:
7 of 15
properly, a revolution of time, i.e., an age or generation; also a dwelling
לֹא
H3808
לֹא
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
8 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הֵכִ֣ין
aright
H3559
הֵכִ֣ין
aright
Strong's:
H3559
Word #:
9 of 15
properly, to be erect (i.e., stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix,
לִבּ֑וֹ
not their heart
H3820
לִבּ֑וֹ
not their heart
Strong's:
H3820
Word #:
10 of 15
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וְלֹא
H3808
וְלֹא
Strong's:
H3808
Word #:
11 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
נֶאֶמְנָ֖ה
was not stedfast
H539
נֶאֶמְנָ֖ה
was not stedfast
Strong's:
H539
Word #:
12 of 15
properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanen
אֶת
H854
אֶת
Strong's:
H854
Word #:
13 of 15
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
Cross References
Psalms 78:37For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.Exodus 32:9And the LORD said unto Moses, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:Deuteronomy 31:27For I know thy rebellion, and thy stiff neck: behold, while I am yet alive with you this day, ye have been rebellious against the LORD; and how much more after my death?Ezekiel 20:18But I said unto their children in the wilderness, Walk ye not in the statutes of your fathers, neither observe their judgments, nor defile yourselves with their idols:Acts 7:51Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye.Exodus 33:3Unto a land flowing with milk and honey: for I will not go up in the midst of thee; for thou art a stiffnecked people: lest I consume thee in the way.2 Kings 17:14Notwithstanding they would not hear, but hardened their necks, like to the neck of their fathers, that did not believe in the LORD their God.2 Chronicles 30:7And be not ye like your fathers, and like your brethren, which trespassed against the LORD God of their fathers, who therefore gave them up to desolation, as ye see.
Historical Context
The wilderness generation epitomized this—despite seeing miracles, they rebelled repeatedly (Numbers 14, 16, 20-21). Their failure resulted in forty years' wandering and death before entering the Promised Land. Hebrews 3-4 applies this as warning to Christians: unbelief disqualifies from entering God's rest. Each generation faces the same test: faith or unbelief.
Questions for Reflection
- What patterns of unfaithfulness from previous generations must you intentionally break through God's grace?
- How does recognizing your own "stubborn and rebellious" heart cultivate humility and dependence on Christ?
- What does it mean to have your "heart set aright" and your "spirit steadfast with God"?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
The warning: "And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God" (Hebrew v-lo yih-yu ka-avotam dor sorer u-moreh dor lo-hekhim libbo v-lo-ne-emanah et-Elohim rucho). Four indictments: "stubborn" (resistant), "rebellious" (defiant), "set not their heart aright" (uncommitted), "spirit not stedfast" (unfaithful). The verse describes covenant unfaithfulness requiring intergenerational correction. Each generation must choose whether to repeat or reverse parents' failures.