Psalms 34:19

Authorized King James Version

Many are the afflictions of the righteous: but the LORD delivereth him out of them all.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
רַ֭בּוֹת
Many
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#2
רָע֣וֹת
are the afflictions
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
#3
צַדִּ֑יק
of the righteous
just
#4
וּ֝מִכֻּלָּ֗ם
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#5
יַצִּילֶ֥נּוּ
delivereth
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#6
יְהוָֽה׃
but the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the suffering and persecution theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of suffering and persecution within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of suffering and persecution within the theological tradition of Psalms Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection