Psalms 2:9

Authorized King James Version

Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
תְּ֭רֹעֵם
Thou shalt break
properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)
#2
בְּשֵׁ֣בֶט
them with a rod
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan
#3
בַּרְזֶ֑ל
of iron
iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement
#4
כִּכְלִ֖י
vessel
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
#5
יוֹצֵ֣ר
like a potter's
to mould into a form; especially as a potter; figuratively, to determine (i.e., form a resolution)
#6
תְּנַפְּצֵֽם׃
thou shalt dash them in pieces
to dash to pieces, or scatter

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection