Psalms 140:12

I know that the LORD will maintain the cause of the afflicted, and the right of the poor.

Word-by-Word Analysis

יָדַ֗עְתִּ

H3045

I know

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה

H6213

will maintain

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

יְ֭הוָה

H3068

that the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

דִּ֣ין

H1779

the cause

judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or tribunal); by implication also strife

עָנִ֑י

H6041

of the afflicted

depressed, in mind or circumstances

מִ֝שְׁפַּ֗ט

H4941

and the right

properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

אֶבְיֹנִֽים׃

H34

of the poor

destitute

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights suffering and persecution through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of suffering and persecution, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of fundamental Christian doctrine?
How does this verse's literary context within Psalms chapter 140 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
What practical applications emerge from understanding suffering and persecution as presented in this verse, particularly in light of contemporary challenges facing the church and individual believers?