Psalms 114:4

Authorized King James Version

The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הֶֽ֭הָרִים
The mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#2
רָקְד֣וּ
skipped
properly, to stamp, i.e., to spring about (wildly or for joy)
#3
כְאֵילִ֑ים
like rams
properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree
#4
גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת
and the little hills
a hillock
#5
כִּבְנֵי
like lambs
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#6
צֹֽאן׃
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection