Psalms 112:4

Authorized King James Version

Unto the upright there ariseth light in the darkness: he is gracious, and full of compassion, and righteous.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
זָ֘רַ֤ח
there ariseth
properly, to irradiate (or shoot forth beams), i.e., to rise (as the sun); specifically, to appear (as a symptom of leprosy)
#2
בַּחֹ֣שֶׁךְ
in the darkness
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
#3
א֭וֹר
light
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
#4
לַיְשָׁרִ֑ים
Unto the upright
straight (literally or figuratively)
#5
חַנּ֖וּן
he is gracious
gracious
#6
וְרַח֣וּם
and full of compassion
compassionate
#7
וְצַדִּֽיק׃
and righteous
just

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights divine love through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection