Psalms 90:2

Authorized King James Version

Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
בְּטֶ֤רֶם׀
properly, non-occurrence; used adverbially, not yet or before
#2
הָ֘רִ֤ים
Before the mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#3
יֻלָּ֗דוּ
were brought forth
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#4
וַתְּח֣וֹלֵֽל
or ever thou hadst formed
properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e., (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; fi
#5
אֶ֣רֶץ
the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#6
וְתֵבֵ֑ל
and the world
the earth (as moist and therefore inhabited); by extension, the globe; by implication, its inhabitants; specifically, a particular land, as babylonia,
#7
ע֝וֹלָ֗ם
even from everlasting
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#8
עַד
to
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#9
ע֝וֹלָ֗ם
even from everlasting
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#10
אַתָּ֥ה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#11
אֵֽל׃
thou art God
strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection