Psalms 80:1

Authorized King James Version

Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, thou that leadest Joseph like a flock; thou that dwellest between the cherubims, shine forth.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
רֹ֘עֵ֤ה
O Shepherd
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
#2
יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל׀
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#3
הַאֲזִ֗ינָה
Give ear
to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e., (by implication) to listen
#4
נֹהֵ֣ג
thou that leadest
to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh
#5
כַּצֹּ֣אן
like a flock
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
#6
יוֹסֵ֑ף
Joseph
joseph, the name of seven israelites
#7
יֹשֵׁ֖ב
thou that dwellest
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#8
הַכְּרוּבִ֣ים
between the cherubims
a cherub or imaginary figure
#9
הוֹפִֽיעָה׃
shine forth
to shine

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection