Proverbs 31:9

Authorized King James Version

Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
פְּתַח
Open
to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
#2
פִּ֥יךָ
thy mouth
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos
#3
שְׁפָט
judge
to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal
#4
צֶ֑דֶק
righteously
the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity
#5
וְ֝דִ֗ין
and plead
to rule; by implication to judge (as umpire); also to strive (as at law)
#6
עָנִ֥י
the cause of the poor
depressed, in mind or circumstances
#7
וְאֶבְיֽוֹן׃
H34
and needy
destitute

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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