Proverbs 21:1

Authorized King James Version

The king's heart is in the hand of the LORD, as the rivers of water: he turneth it whithersoever he will.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
פַּלְגֵי
as the rivers
a rill (i.e., small channel of water, as in irrigation)
#2
מַ֣יִם
of water
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#3
לֶב
heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#4
מֶ֭לֶךְ
The king's
a king
#5
בְּיַד
is in the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#6
יְהוָ֑ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#7
עַֽל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#9
אֲשֶׁ֖ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#10
יַחְפֹּ֣ץ
it whithersoever he will
properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
#11
יַטֶּֽנּוּ׃
he turneth
to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Proverbs Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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