Proverbs 16:1

Authorized King James Version

PDF

The preparations of the heart in man, and the answer of the tongue, is from the LORD.

Original Language Analysis

לְאָדָ֥ם in man H120
לְאָדָ֥ם in man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 1 of 6
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
מַֽעַרְכֵי The preparations H4633
מַֽעַרְכֵי The preparations
Strong's: H4633
Word #: 2 of 6
an arrangement, i.e., (figuratively) mental disposition
לֵ֑ב of the heart H3820
לֵ֑ב of the heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 3 of 6
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה is from the LORD H3068
וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה is from the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 4 of 6
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
מַעֲנֵ֥ה and the answer H4617
מַעֲנֵ֥ה and the answer
Strong's: H4617
Word #: 5 of 6
a reply (favorable or contradictory)
לָשֽׁוֹן׃ of the tongue H3956
לָשֽׁוֹן׃ of the tongue
Strong's: H3956
Word #: 6 of 6
the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame,

Analysis & Commentary

This proverb addresses the relationship between human agency and divine sovereignty: 'The preparations of the heart in man, and the answer of the tongue, is from the LORD.' Humans prepare their hearts (ma'arakhei lev)—they plan, deliberate, and form intentions. Yet 'the answer of the tongue' (ma'aneh lashon) comes from the LORD. We may prepare what to say, but God determines what actually comes out and what effect it has. This balances human responsibility with divine providence. We must plan and prepare, yet recognize that God ultimately controls outcomes. This principle appears throughout chapter 16, which emphasizes God's sovereignty over human affairs (vv.2,4,7,9,33).

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern wisdom often emphasized careful planning and human control over outcomes. Proverbs acknowledges the value of planning while insisting on God's ultimate sovereignty. This theological distinctiveness separated Israel's wisdom from surrounding cultures' humanistic approaches. The same tension between human responsibility and divine sovereignty runs through all Scripture, finding resolution in God's good providence.

Questions for Reflection