Proverbs 10:15

Authorized King James Version

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The rich man's wealth is his strong city: the destruction of the poor is their poverty.

Original Language Analysis

ה֣וֹן wealth H1952
ה֣וֹן wealth
Strong's: H1952
Word #: 1 of 7
wealth; by implication, enough
עָ֭שִׁיר The rich man's H6223
עָ֭שִׁיר The rich man's
Strong's: H6223
Word #: 2 of 7
rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)
קִרְיַ֣ת city H7151
קִרְיַ֣ת city
Strong's: H7151
Word #: 3 of 7
a city
עֻזּ֑וֹ is his strong H5797
עֻזּ֑וֹ is his strong
Strong's: H5797
Word #: 4 of 7
strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
מְחִתַּ֖ת the destruction H4288
מְחִתַּ֖ת the destruction
Strong's: H4288
Word #: 5 of 7
properly, a dissolution; concretely, a ruin, or (abstractly) consternation
דַּלִּ֣ים of the poor H1800
דַּלִּ֣ים of the poor
Strong's: H1800
Word #: 6 of 7
properly, dangling, i.e., (by implication) weak or thin
רֵישָֽׁם׃ is their poverty H7389
רֵישָֽׁם׃ is their poverty
Strong's: H7389
Word #: 7 of 7
poverty

Analysis & Commentary

This observation describes contrasting securities: wealth for the rich, poverty for the poor. "The rich man's wealth is his strong city" uses qiryat uzzo (קִרְיַת עֻזּוֹ, his fortified city)—a metaphor for security and protection. Ancient cities with thick walls, towers, and gates provided refuge from enemies. The rich trust their resources as others trust defensive fortifications.

"The destruction of the poor is their poverty" reverses the image. For those lacking resources, poverty itself becomes mechittah (מְחִתָּה, destruction, ruin). While wealth creates options and security, poverty limits opportunities and leaves one vulnerable. This isn't moral judgment but sociological observation—material resources significantly impact one's security and possibilities.

However, Proverbs 10:2 warns that "treasures of wickedness profit nothing," and 18:11 notes that the rich man's wealth is only a strong city "in his own conceit." True security comes from the LORD (Proverbs 18:10). Jesus warned against trusting riches (Mark 10:23-25) and commanded storing treasures in heaven (Matthew 6:19-21). Paul instructed the wealthy not to trust uncertain riches but God who provides richly (1 Timothy 6:17). The proverb describes reality without endorsing materialism—only God provides ultimate security.

Historical Context

Solomon's wealth made him keenly aware of affluence's advantages and temptations. Ancient Near Eastern society had stark divisions between wealthy landowners and poor laborers. Walled cities provided security during Israel's conflicts with surrounding nations. The rich could afford homes within protected cities, while the poor lived vulnerably outside walls or in less fortified areas. This proverb reflects these realities while warning against false confidence in wealth.

Questions for Reflection

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