Numbers 22:32

Authorized King James Version

And the angel of the LORD said unto him, Wherefore hast thou smitten thine ass these three times? behold, I went out to withstand thee, because thy way is perverse before me:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלָיו֙
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
מַלְאַ֣ךְ
And the angel
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
#4
יְהוָ֔ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#5
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
מָ֗ה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#7
הִכִּ֙יתָ֙
unto him Wherefore hast thou smitten
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#8
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
אֲתֹ֣נְךָ֔
thine ass
a female donkey (from its docility)
#10
זֶ֖ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#11
שָׁל֣וֹשׁ
these three
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
#12
רְגָלִ֑ים
times
a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda
#13
הִנֵּ֤ה
lo!
#14
אָֽנֹכִי֙
i
#15
יָצָ֣אתִי
behold I went out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#16
לְשָׂטָ֔ן
to withstand
an opponent; especially (with the article prefixed) satan, the arch-enemy of good
#17
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#18
יָרַ֥ט
is perverse
to precipitate or hurl (rush) headlong; (intransitively) to be rash
#19
הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ
thee because thy way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#20
לְנֶגְדִּֽי׃
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before

Analysis

Within the broader context of Numbers, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Numbers.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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