Numbers 11:29

Authorized King James Version

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And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? would God that all the LORD'S people were prophets, and that the LORD would put his spirit upon them!

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 18
to say (used with great latitude)
לוֹ֙ H0
לוֹ֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 18
מֹשֶׁ֔ה And Moses H4872
מֹשֶׁ֔ה And Moses
Strong's: H4872
Word #: 3 of 18
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
הַֽמְקַנֵּ֥א unto him Enviest H7065
הַֽמְקַנֵּ֥א unto him Enviest
Strong's: H7065
Word #: 4 of 18
to be (causatively, make) zealous, i.e., (in a bad sense) jealous or envious
אַתָּ֖ה H859
אַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 5 of 18
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
לִ֑י H0
לִ֑י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 18
וּמִ֨י H4310
וּמִ֨י
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 7 of 18
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
יִתֵּ֧ן thou for my sake would God that all the H5414
יִתֵּ֧ן thou for my sake would God that all the
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 8 of 18
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 9 of 18
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עַ֤ם people H5971
עַ֤ם people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 10 of 18
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
יְהוָ֛ה LORD'S H3068
יְהוָ֛ה LORD'S
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 11 of 18
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
נְבִיאִ֔ים were prophets H5030
נְבִיאִ֔ים were prophets
Strong's: H5030
Word #: 12 of 18
a prophet or (generally) inspired man
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 13 of 18
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
יִתֵּ֧ן thou for my sake would God that all the H5414
יִתֵּ֧ן thou for my sake would God that all the
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 14 of 18
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
יְהוָ֛ה LORD'S H3068
יְהוָ֛ה LORD'S
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 15 of 18
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 16 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
רוּח֖וֹ his spirit H7307
רוּח֖וֹ his spirit
Strong's: H7307
Word #: 17 of 18
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the
עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ H5921
עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 18 of 18
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis & Commentary

Moses' response to Joshua reveals remarkable humility and expansive vision for God's Spirit being poured out on all believers. Joshua had just reported that Eldad and Medad were prophesying in the camp though they hadn't gone to the tabernacle with the seventy elders (Numbers 11:26-28). Joshua's concern—'My lord Moses, forbid them'—reflects natural human protectiveness of institutional authority. Moses' rebuke—'Enviest thou for my sake?'—exposes the carnal motivation behind religious exclusivism. The Hebrew word 'qana' (קָנָא, 'enviest') suggests zealous jealousy, the same word used of God's jealousy for His glory. But Moses rejects misplaced zeal that would restrict God's Spirit. His fervent wish—'would God that all the LORD's people were prophets'—envisions universal prophetic empowerment, fulfilled on Pentecost when the Spirit was poured out on all believers (Acts 2:16-18, quoting Joel 2:28-29). The phrase 'the LORD would put his spirit upon them' uses 'nathan' (נָתַן), 'give' or 'place,' indicating God's sovereign bestowal. This passage condemns religious territorialism and celebrates the democratic distribution of God's Spirit in the New Covenant.

Historical Context

This event occurred during Israel's wilderness wandering when the people complained about lacking meat (Numbers 11:4-6). God provided quail but also shared the Spirit that rested on Moses with seventy elders, enabling them to prophesy (11:16-17, 24-25). The unusual case of Eldad and Medad prophesying though absent from the official gathering demonstrated God's sovereignty—He distributes His Spirit according to His will, not human protocol. Moses' inclusive response contrasted sharply with the exclusivism common in ancient Near Eastern religious hierarchies where spiritual power was jealously guarded by priestly elites. This incident foreshadowed the New Covenant when God's Spirit would indwell all believers, not just selected leaders (Jeremiah 31:31-34, Ezekiel 36:26-27).

Questions for Reflection

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