Nehemiah 1:5

Authorized King James Version

And said, I beseech thee, O LORD God of heaven, the great and terrible God, that keepeth covenant and mercy for them that love him and observe his commandments:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וָֽאֹמַ֗ר
And said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אָֽנָּ֤א
I beseech
oh now!
#3
יְהוָה֙
thee O LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#4
אֱלֹהֵ֣י
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#5
הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם
of heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#6
הָאֵ֥ל
God
strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)
#7
הַגָּד֖וֹל
the great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#8
וְהַנּוֹרָ֑א
and terrible
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#9
וּלְשֹֽׁמְרֵ֥י
him and observe
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#10
הַבְּרִית֙
covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#11
וָחֶ֔סֶד
and mercy
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#12
לְאֹֽהֲבָ֖יו
for them that love
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#13
וּלְשֹֽׁמְרֵ֥י
him and observe
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#14
מִצְוֹתָֽיו׃
his commandments
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Nehemiah. The concept of love reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of Nehemiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection