Micah 1:2

Authorized King James Version

Hear, all ye people; hearken, O earth, and all that therein is: and let the Lord GOD be witness against you, the Lord from his holy temple.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שִׁמְעוּ֙
Hear
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
עַמִּ֣ים
all ye people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#3
כֻּלָּ֔ם
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#4
הַקְשִׁ֖יבִי
hearken
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
#5
אֶ֣רֶץ
O earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#6
וּמְלֹאָ֑הּ
and all that therein
fulness (literally or figuratively)
#7
וִיהִי֩
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#8
אֲדֹנָ֖י
against you the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#9
יְהוִ֤ה
GOD
god
#10
בָּכֶם֙
H0
#11
לְעֵ֔ד
be witness
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e., prince
#12
אֲדֹנָ֖י
against you the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#13
מֵהֵיכַ֥ל
temple
a large public building, such as a palace or temple
#14
קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃
from his holy
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection