Matthew 6:2

Authorized King James Version

Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ὅταν
when
whenever (implying hypothesis or more or less uncertainty); also causatively (conjunctionally) inasmuch as
#2
οὖν
Therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
ποιοῦσιν
do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#4
ἐλεημοσύνην
thine alms
compassionateness, i.e., (as exercised towards the poor) beneficence, or (concretely) a benefaction
#5
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#6
σαλπίσῃς
do
to trumpet, i.e., sound a blast (literally or figuratively)
#7
ἔμπροσθέν
before
in front of (in place (literally or figuratively) or time)
#8
σου
thee
of thee, thy
#9
ὥσπερ
as
just as, i.e., exactly like
#10
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ὑποκριταὶ
the hypocrites
an actor under an assumed character (stage-player), i.e., (figuratively) a dissembler ("hypocrite"
#12
ποιοῦσιν
do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#13
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#14
ταῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
συναγωγαῖς
the synagogues
an assemblage of persons; specially, a jewish "synagogue" (the meeting or the place); by analogy, a christian church
#16
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#17
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#18
ταῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
ῥύμαις
the streets
an alley or avenue (as crowded)
#20
ὅπως
that
what(-ever) how, i.e., in the manner that (as adverb or conjunction of coincidence, intentional or actual)
#21
δοξασθῶσιν
they may have glory
to render (or esteem) glorious (in a wide application)
#22
ὑπὸ
of
under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (
#23
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#24
ἀνθρώπων·
men
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#25
ἀμὴν
Verily
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)
#26
λέγω
I say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#27
ὑμῖν
unto you
to (with or by) you
#28
ἀπέχουσιν
They have
(actively) to have out, i.e., receive in full; (intransitively) to keep (oneself) away, i.e., be distant (literally or figuratively)
#29
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#30
μισθὸν
reward
pay for service (literally or figuratively), good or bad
#31
αὐτῶν
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of glory reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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