Hosea 8:1

Authorized King James Version

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Set the trumpet to thy mouth. He shall come as an eagle against the house of the LORD, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law.

Original Language Analysis

אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 1 of 13
near, with or among; often in general, to
חִכְּךָ֣ to thy mouth H2441
חִכְּךָ֣ to thy mouth
Strong's: H2441
Word #: 2 of 13
properly, the palate or inside of the mouth; hence, the mouth itself (as the organ of speech, taste and kissing)
שֹׁפָ֔ר Set the trumpet H7782
שֹׁפָ֔ר Set the trumpet
Strong's: H7782
Word #: 3 of 13
a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn
כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁר He shall come as an eagle H5404
כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁר He shall come as an eagle
Strong's: H5404
Word #: 4 of 13
the eagle (or other large bird of prey)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 13
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
בֵּ֣ית against the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית against the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 6 of 13
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 7 of 13
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
יַ֚עַן H3282
יַ֚עַן
Strong's: H3282
Word #: 8 of 13
properly, heed; by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to indicate the reason or cause
עָבְר֣וּ because they have transgressed H5674
עָבְר֣וּ because they have transgressed
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 9 of 13
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
בְרִיתִ֔י my covenant H1285
בְרִיתִ֔י my covenant
Strong's: H1285
Word #: 10 of 13
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
וְעַל H5921
וְעַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 11 of 13
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
תּוֹרָתִ֖י against my law H8451
תּוֹרָתִ֖י against my law
Strong's: H8451
Word #: 12 of 13
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
פָּשָֽׁעוּ׃ and trespassed H6586
פָּשָֽׁעוּ׃ and trespassed
Strong's: H6586
Word #: 13 of 13
to break away (from just authority), i.e., trespass, apostatize, quarrel

Analysis & Commentary

Alarm sounded: 'Set the trumpet to thy mouth. He shall come as an eagle against the house of the LORD, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law.' The command: שׁוֹפָר אֶל־חִכְּךָ (shofar el-chikkekha, trumpet to your mouth/palate)—urgent alarm. Enemy comes like נֶשֶׁר (nesher, eagle/vulture) against YHWH's house (בֵּית יְהוָה, beit YHWH—temple/land/people). Why? Covenant transgression (עָבַר בְּרִיתִי, avar beriti) and law trespass (פָּשְׁעוּ תּוֹרָתִי, pashe'u torati). The eagle imagery suggests swift, predatory attack from above. This demonstrates that covenant violation produces certain judgment. Christ fulfills covenant perfectly (Matthew 5:17), securing eternal security for believers (Hebrews 7:22).

Historical Context

The shofar/trumpet served as battle alarm throughout Israel's history (Judges 3:27, 6:34, Jeremiah 4:5, Joel 2:1). The 'eagle' is Assyria swooping down on northern Israel. The 'house of the LORD' primarily means land/people (no legitimate temple existed in north after division). The specific charges—broken covenant (Sinai), violated law (Torah)—provide legal basis for judgment. Archaeological evidence confirms swift Assyrian military campaigns matching 'eagle' imagery. Historically, once Assyria mobilized against rebellious vassals, conquest came swiftly and devastatingly. This demonstrates that covenant, while providing blessing when kept, demands judgment when broken—treaty loyalty works both directions.

Questions for Reflection