Matthew 19:8

Authorized King James Version

He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
λέγει
He saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#2
αὐτοῖς
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#3
ὅτι
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
Μωσῆς
Moses
moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver
#5
πρὸς
because of
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#6
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
σκληροκαρδίαν
hearts
hard-heartedness, i.e., (specially), destitution of (spiritual) perception
#8
ὑμῶν
of your
of (from or concerning) you
#9
ἐπέτρεψεν
suffered
to turn over (transfer), i.e., allow
#10
ὑμῖν
you
to (with or by) you
#11
ἀπολῦσαι
to put away
to free fully, i.e., (literally) relieve, release, dismiss (reflexively, depart), or (figuratively) let die, pardon or (specially) divorce
#12
τὰς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
γυναῖκας
wives
a woman; specially, a wife
#14
ὑμῶν
of your
of (from or concerning) you
#15
ἀπ'
from
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#16
ἀρχῆς
the beginning
(properly abstract) a commencement, or (concretely) chief (in various applications of order, time, place, or rank)
#17
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#18
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#19
γέγονεν
it was
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
#20
οὕτως
so
in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Matthew, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Matthew.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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