Matthew 19:23

Authorized King James Version

Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
Then
but, and, etc
#3
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#4
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#5
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
μαθηταῖς
disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#7
αὐτοῦ
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
Ἀμὴν
Verily
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)
#9
λέγω
I say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#10
ὑμῖν
unto you
to (with or by) you
#11
ὅτι
That
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#12
δυσκόλως
shall hardly
impracticably
#13
πλούσιος
a rich man
wealthy; figuratively, abounding with
#14
εἰσελεύσεται
enter
to enter (literally or figuratively)
#15
εἰς
into
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#16
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
βασιλείαν
the kingdom
properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)
#18
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
οὐρανῶν
of heaven
the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Matthew, this passage highlights kingdom of God through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of kingdom connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about kingdom, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Matthew.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on kingdom of God particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show imperial and royal imagery familiar to subjects of ancient monarchies, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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