Matthew 16:23

Authorized King James Version

But he turned, and said unto Peter, Get thee behind me, Satan: thou art an offence unto me: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but those that be of men.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
στραφεὶς
he turned
to twist, i.e., turn quite around or reverse (literally or figuratively)
#4
εἶπεν
and said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#5
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
Πέτρῳ
unto Peter
a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle
#7
Ὕπαγε
Get thee
to lead (oneself) under, i.e., withdraw or retire (as if sinking out of sight), literally or figuratively
#8
ὀπίσω
behind
to the back, i.e., aback (as adverb or preposition of time or place; or as noun)
#9
μου,
me
of me
#10
Σατανᾶ·
Satan
the accuser, i.e., the devil
#11
σκάνδαλον
an offence
a trap-stick (bent sapling), i.e., snare (figuratively, cause of displeasure or sin)
#12
μου,
me
of me
#13
εἶ
thou
thou art
#14
ὅτι
art
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#15
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#16
φρονεῖς
for thou savourest
to exercise the mind, i.e., entertain or have a sentiment or opinion; by implication, to be (mentally) disposed (more or less earnestly in a certain d
#17
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
θεοῦ
that be of God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#20
ἀλλὰ
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#21
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
τῶν
the things
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#23
ἀνθρώπων
those that be of men
man-faced, i.e., a human being

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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