Matthew 13:55

Authorized King James Version

Is not this the carpenter's son? is not his mother called Mary? and his brethren, James, and Joses, and Simon, and Judas?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὐχ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#2
οὗτός
this
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#3
ἐστιν
Is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
τέκτονος
the carpenter's
an artificer (as producer of fabrics), i.e., (specially), a craftsman in wood
#7
υἱός;
son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#8
οὐχί
not
not indeed
#9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
μήτηρ
mother
a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)
#11
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
λέγεται
called
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#13
Μαριὰμ
Mary
maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females
#14
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἀδελφοὶ
G80
brethren
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#17
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#18
Ἰάκωβος
James
jacobus, the name of three israelites
#19
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
Ἰωσῆς
Joses
joses, the name of two israelites
#21
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#22
Σίμων
Simon
simon (i.e., shimon), the name of nine israelites
#23
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#24
Ἰούδας;
Judas
judas (i.e., jehudah), the name of ten israelites; also of the posterity of one of them and its region

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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