Matthew 11:20

Authorized King James Version

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Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done, because they repented not:

Original Language Analysis

Τότε Then G5119
Τότε Then
Strong's: G5119
Word #: 1 of 15
the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)
ἤρξατο began G756
ἤρξατο began
Strong's: G756
Word #: 2 of 15
to commence (in order of time)
ὀνειδίζειν he to upbraid G3679
ὀνειδίζειν he to upbraid
Strong's: G3679
Word #: 3 of 15
to defame, i.e., rail at, chide, taunt
τὰς G3588
τὰς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 4 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πόλεις the cities G4172
πόλεις the cities
Strong's: G4172
Word #: 5 of 15
a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)
ἐν wherein G1722
ἐν wherein
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 6 of 15
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
αἷς G3739
αἷς
Strong's: G3739
Word #: 7 of 15
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
ἐγένοντο were done G1096
ἐγένοντο were done
Strong's: G1096
Word #: 8 of 15
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
αἱ G3588
αἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 9 of 15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πλεῖσται most G4118
πλεῖσται most
Strong's: G4118
Word #: 10 of 15
the largest number or very large
δυνάμεις mighty works G1411
δυνάμεις mighty works
Strong's: G1411
Word #: 11 of 15
force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
αὐτοῦ of his G846
αὐτοῦ of his
Strong's: G846
Word #: 12 of 15
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ὅτι because G3754
ὅτι because
Strong's: G3754
Word #: 13 of 15
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
οὐ not G3756
οὐ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 14 of 15
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
μετενόησαν· they repented G3340
μετενόησαν· they repented
Strong's: G3340
Word #: 15 of 15
to think differently or afterwards, i.e., reconsider (morally, feel compunction)

Analysis & Commentary

'But wisdom is justified of her children.' Jesus concludes His comparison of John and Himself by appealing to results: divine wisdom is vindicated by its outcomes. The word 'wisdom' (σοφία/sophia) represents God's wise plan—sending John as austere prophet and Jesus as accessible Savior. 'Children' (τέκνων/teknōn) are the fruits or results: lives transformed, sinners saved, God glorified. The critics rejected both messengers, producing no fruit. But those who received John and Jesus produced abundant fruit—repentance, faith, transformed lives. Reformed theology applies this to apologetics: Christianity's truth is demonstrated not merely by arguments but by transformed lives. The gospel produces what nothing else can: genuine holiness, sacrificial love, joyful worship, enduring hope. This doesn't mean pragmatism (whatever works is true) but rather that truth produces characteristic fruit. False religion either crushes people (legalism) or excuses sin (antinomianism). Gospel truth liberates, transforms, and produces Christ-likeness.

Historical Context

Greco-Roman culture highly valued σοφία (wisdom)—philosophical schools claimed to teach it. Jewish wisdom literature (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Job) established wisdom as understanding God's ways. By Jesus's time, competing wisdom systems existed: Pharisaic tradition, Greek philosophy, Essene mysticism, apocalyptic speculation. Jesus claimed that God's wisdom—His redemptive plan—was validated by its results. John's and His ministries produced genuine repentance, faith, and transformation. The religious establishment's approach produced hypocrisy and oppression (Matthew 23). Early church apologists (Justin Martyr, Tertullian, Origen) used this argument: Christianity transformed lives in ways philosophy couldn't. Paganism didn't cure greed, lust, or cruelty; Christianity did. This apologetic continues: while critics dismiss Christianity, it continues producing transformed lives, sacrificial service, and enduring hope. The 'children' of divine wisdom vindicate its truth across centuries and cultures.

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