Matthew 11:18

Authorized King James Version

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For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a devil.

Original Language Analysis

ἦλθεν came G2064
ἦλθεν came
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 1 of 11
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
γὰρ For G1063
γὰρ For
Strong's: G1063
Word #: 2 of 11
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
Ἰωάννης John G2491
Ἰωάννης John
Strong's: G2491
Word #: 3 of 11
joannes (i.e., jochanan), the name of four israelites
μήτε neither G3383
μήτε neither
Strong's: G3383
Word #: 4 of 11
not too, i.e., (in continued negation) neither or nor; also, not even
ἐσθίων eating G2068
ἐσθίων eating
Strong's: G2068
Word #: 5 of 11
used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by g5315; to eat (usually literal)
μήτε neither G3383
μήτε neither
Strong's: G3383
Word #: 6 of 11
not too, i.e., (in continued negation) neither or nor; also, not even
πίνων drinking G4095
πίνων drinking
Strong's: G4095
Word #: 7 of 11
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 8 of 11
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
λέγουσιν they say G3004
λέγουσιν they say
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 9 of 11
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
Δαιμόνιον a devil G1140
Δαιμόνιον a devil
Strong's: G1140
Word #: 10 of 11
a daemonic being; by extension a deity
ἔχει He hath G2192
ἔχει He hath
Strong's: G2192
Word #: 11 of 11
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

Analysis & Commentary

'For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, He hath a devil.' Jesus exposes the religious leaders' inconsistency and bad faith. John the Baptist practiced extreme asceticism—eating locusts and wild honey (Matthew 3:4), possibly fasting frequently, certainly avoiding normal social meals. His austere lifestyle matched his prophetic message of judgment and repentance. Yet instead of recognizing this as prophetic devotion, critics accused him of demon possession (ἔχει/echei, literally 'he has a demon'). The charge was absurd but reveals a pattern: those determined to reject God's messengers will find excuse, no matter how the messenger behaves. Reformed theology recognizes this as manifestation of total depravity—the unregenerate heart is at enmity with God (Romans 8:7), finding fault with His servants regardless of their conduct. The criticism also reflects the religious establishment's discomfort: John threatened their control, so they attacked his character rather than addressing his message.

Historical Context

John's ascetic lifestyle was deliberately prophetic, recalling Elijah and wilderness prophets. In a culture where shared meals signified fellowship and social bonds, John's refusal to participate marked him as outsider—which was precisely his calling: voice crying in the wilderness, not court chaplain. The accusation of demon possession was standard dismissal of threatening prophets: Jesus faced the same charge (Matthew 12:24, John 8:48-52). Demonic accusation served to dismiss the messenger without addressing the message. In Jesus's time, various Jewish groups practiced different levels of asceticism: Essenes (including Qumran community) lived communally with strict discipline; Pharisees fasted twice weekly; ordinary Jews maintained normal social life. John's extreme asceticism exceeded even Essene practice, signaling prophetic urgency. Modern parallels exist: committed Christians are dismissed as 'crazy,' 'extreme,' or 'mentally unstable' to avoid confronting their message.

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