Matthew 10:16

Authorized King James Version

Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἰδού,
Behold
used as imperative lo!
#2
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#3
ἀποστέλλω
forth
set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively
#4
ὑμᾶς
you
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
#5
ὡς
as
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
#6
πρόβατα
sheep
something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)
#7
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#8
μέσῳ
the midst
middle (as an adjective or (neuter) noun)
#9
λύκων·
of wolves
a wolf
#10
γίνεσθε
be ye
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
#11
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#12
φρόνιμοι
wise
thoughtful, i.e., sagacious or discreet (implying a cautious character; while g4680 denotes practical skill or acumen; and g4908 indicates rather inte
#13
ὡς
as
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
#14
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ὄφεις
serpents
a snake, figuratively, (as a type of sly cunning) an artful malicious person, especially satan
#16
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#17
ἀκέραιοι
harmless
unmixed, i.e., (figuratively) innocent
#18
ὡς
as
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
#19
αἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
περιστεραί
doves
a pigeon

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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