Luke 7:39

Authorized King James Version

Now when the Pharisee which had bidden him saw it, he spake within himself, saying, This man, if he were a prophet, would have known who and what manner of woman this is that toucheth him: for she is a sinner.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἰδὼν
G1492
saw
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#2
δὲ
G1161
Now
but, and, etc
#3
ἡ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Φαρισαῖος
G5330
when the Pharisee
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#5
ἡ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
καλέσας
G2564
had bidden
to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
#7
αὐτοῦ
G846
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
εἶπεν
G2036
it he spake
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#9
ἐν
G1722
within
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#10
ἑαυτῷ
G1438
himself
(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc
#11
λέγων,
G3004
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#12
Οὗτος
G3778
This man
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#13
εἰ
G1487
if
if, whether, that, etc
#14
ἦν
G2258
he were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#15
προφήτης
G4396
a prophet
a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet
#16
ἐγίνωσκεν
G1097
would have known
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
#17
ἂν
G302
whatsoever
#18
τίς
G5101
who
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#19
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
ποταπὴ
G4217
what manner
interrogatively, whatever, i.e., of what possible sort
#21
ἡ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
γυνὴ
G1135
of woman
a woman; specially, a wife
#23
ἥτις
G3748
this is that
which some, i.e., any that; also (definite) which same
#24
ἅπτεται
G680
toucheth
properly, to attach oneself to, i.e., to touch (in many implied relations)
#25
αὐτοῦ
G846
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#26
ὅτι
G3754
for
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#27
ἁμαρτωλός
G268
a sinner
sinful, i.e., a sinner
#28
ἐστιν
G2076
she is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Luke. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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