Luke 19:23

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?

Original Language Analysis

καὶ that G2532
καὶ that
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
διατί Wherefore G1302
διατί Wherefore
Strong's: G1302
Word #: 2 of 18
through what cause ?, i.e., why?
οὐκ not G3756
οὐκ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 3 of 18
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
ἔδωκάς gavest G1325
ἔδωκάς gavest
Strong's: G1325
Word #: 4 of 18
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
τὸ G3588
τὸ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀργύριον money G694
ἀργύριον money
Strong's: G694
Word #: 6 of 18
silvery, i.e., (by implication) cash; specially, a silverling (i.e., drachma or shekel)
μου my G3450
μου my
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 7 of 18
of me
ἐπὶ into G1909
ἐπὶ into
Strong's: G1909
Word #: 8 of 18
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
τὴν G3588
τὴν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 9 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
τράπεζαν the bank G5132
τράπεζαν the bank
Strong's: G5132
Word #: 10 of 18
a table or stool (as being four-legged), usually for food (figuratively, a meal); also a counter for money (figuratively, a broker's office for loans
καὶ that G2532
καὶ that
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 11 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἐγὼ I G1473
ἐγὼ I
Strong's: G1473
Word #: 12 of 18
i, me
ἐλθὼν at my coming G2064
ἐλθὼν at my coming
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 13 of 18
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
σὺν with G4862
σὺν with
Strong's: G4862
Word #: 14 of 18
with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi
τόκῳ usury G5110
τόκῳ usury
Strong's: G5110
Word #: 15 of 18
interest on money loaned (as a produce)
ἂν might G302
ἂν might
Strong's: G302
Word #: 16 of 18
whatsoever
ἔπραξα have required G4238
ἔπραξα have required
Strong's: G4238
Word #: 17 of 18
to "practise", i.e., perform repeatedly or habitually (thus differing from g4160, which properly refers to a single act); by implication, to execute,
αὐτὸ mine own G846
αὐτὸ mine own
Strong's: G846
Word #: 18 of 18
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis & Commentary

Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury? (καὶ διὰ τί οὐκ ἔδωκάς μου τὸ ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν, κἀγὼ ἐλθὼν σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα; kai dia ti ouk edōkas mou to argyrion epi trapezan, kagō elthōn syn tokō an auto epraxa?)—if the servant truly feared failure, he could have deposited the money with bankers (trapeza, literally 'table,' where money-changers worked). Tokos (interest, usury) would have produced modest but guaranteed returns.

The master's logic crushes the excuse: 'You claim you feared my standards, yet you didn't even pursue the safest, most minimal option.' Even 2-5% interest would have demonstrated some engagement. The servant's complete inaction proved his supposed 'fear' was actually contempt. This principle extends to spiritual life: if you can't plant churches, you can support missionaries; if you can't teach publicly, you can disciple privately; if you can't give much, you can give something. Faithfulness at any level beats no engagement.

Historical Context

Jewish law prohibited charging interest to fellow Jews (Exodus 22:25), but permitted it with Gentiles. By Jesus's time, banking systems existed where deposits earned modest interest. The master's suggestion of banking wasn't his ideal (he wanted active trading), but it would have been better than nothing. The point: even minimal engagement beats complete inaction. God doesn't demand what you cannot do, but He does require doing what you can.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources

Bible Stories