Luke 12:9

Authorized King James Version

But he that denieth me before men shall be denied before the angels of God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
ἀρνησάμενός
he that denieth
to contradict, i.e., disavow, reject, abnegate
#4
με
me
me
#5
ἐνώπιον
before
in the face of (literally or figuratively)
#6
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
ἀνθρώπων
men
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#8
ἀπαρνηθήσεται
shall be denied
to deny utterly, i.e., disown, abstain
#9
ἐνώπιον
before
in the face of (literally or figuratively)
#10
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ἀγγέλων
G32
the angels
compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor
#12
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
θεοῦ
of God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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