John 9:33

Authorized King James Version

If this man were not of God, he could do nothing.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if, whether, that, etc
#2
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#3
ἦν
were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#4
οὗτος
this man
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#5
παρὰ
of
properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj
#6
θεοῦ
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#7
οὐκ
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#8
ἠδύνατο
he could
to be able or possible
#9
ποιεῖν
do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#10
οὐδέν
nothing
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of divine love within the theological tradition of John Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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