John 8:23

Authorized King James Version

And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
εἴπεν
he said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#3
αὐτοῖς
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
ὑμεῖς
Ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#5
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#6
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
κάτω
beneath
downwards
#8
ἐστέ
are
ye are
#9
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#10
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#11
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἄνω
above
upward or on the top
#13
εἰμὶ
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#14
ὑμεῖς
Ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#15
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#16
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
κόσμου
world
orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
#18
τούτου
this
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)
#19
ἐστέ
are
ye are
#20
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#21
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#22
εἰμὶ
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#23
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#24
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#25
κόσμου
world
orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
#26
τούτου
this
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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