John 3:11

Authorized King James Version

Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀμὴν
Verily
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)
#2
ἀμὴν
Verily
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)
#3
λέγω
I say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#4
σοι
unto thee
to thee
#5
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#6
that
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#7
οἴδαμεν
we do know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#8
λαλοῦμεν
We speak
to talk, i.e., utter words
#9
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
that
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#11
ἑωράκαμεν
we have seen
by extension, to attend to; by hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
#12
μαρτυροῦμεν
testify
to be a witness, i.e., testify (literally or figuratively)
#13
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
μαρτυρίαν
witness
evidence given (judicially or genitive case)
#16
ἡμῶν
our
of (or from) us
#17
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#18
λαμβάνετε
ye receive
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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