John 18:37

Authorized King James Version

Pilate therefore said unto him, Art thou a king then? Jesus answered, Thou sayest that I am a king. To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth. Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#2
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
αὐτῷ
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
Πιλᾶτος
Pilate
close-pressed, i.e., firm; pilatus, a roman
#6
Οὐκοῦν
then
is it not therefore that, i.e., (affirmatively) hence or so
#7
βασιλεύς
a king
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
#8
εἶ
Art
thou art
#9
Σὺ
Thou
thou
#10
ἀπεκρίθη
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#13
Σὺ
Thou
thou
#14
λέγεις
sayest
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#15
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#16
βασιλεύς
a king
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
#17
εἰμι
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#18
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#19
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#20
εἰς
To
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#21
τοῦτο
this
that thing
#22
γεγέννημαι
born
to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate
#23
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#24
εἰς
To
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#25
τοῦτο
this
that thing
#26
ἐλήλυθα
cause came I
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#27
εἰς
To
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#28
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#29
κόσμον
the world
orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
#30
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#31
μαρτυρήσω
I should bear witness
to be a witness, i.e., testify (literally or figuratively)
#32
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#33
ἀληθείας
the truth
truth
#34
πᾶς
Every one
all, any, every, the whole
#35
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#36
ὢν
that is
being
#37
ἐκ
of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#38
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#39
ἀληθείας
the truth
truth
#40
ἀκούει
heareth
to hear (in various senses)
#41
μου
my
of me
#42
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#43
φωνῆς
voice
a tone (articulate, bestial or artificial); by implication, an address (for any purpose), saying or language

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing truth contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood truth. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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