Jeremiah 49:31

Authorized King James Version

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Arise, get you up unto the wealthy nation, that dwelleth without care, saith the LORD, which have neither gates nor bars, which dwell alone.

Original Language Analysis

ק֣וּמוּ Arise H6965
ק֣וּמוּ Arise
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 1 of 16
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
עֲל֗וּ get you up H5927
עֲל֗וּ get you up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 2 of 16
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
גּ֥וֹי nation H1471
גּ֥וֹי nation
Strong's: H1471
Word #: 4 of 16
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
שְׁלֵ֛יו unto the wealthy H7961
שְׁלֵ֛יו unto the wealthy
Strong's: H7961
Word #: 5 of 16
tranquil; (in a bad sense) careless; abstractly, security
יוֹשֵׁ֥ב that dwelleth H3427
יוֹשֵׁ֥ב that dwelleth
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 6 of 16
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
לָבֶ֖טַח without care H983
לָבֶ֖טַח without care
Strong's: H983
Word #: 7 of 16
properly, a place of refuge; abstract, safety, both the fact (security) and the feeling (trust); often (adverb with or without preposition) safely
נְאֻם saith H5002
נְאֻם saith
Strong's: H5002
Word #: 8 of 16
an oracle
יְהוָ֑ה the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 9 of 16
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
לֹא H3808
לֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 10 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
דְלָתַ֧יִם which have neither gates H1817
דְלָתַ֧יִם which have neither gates
Strong's: H1817
Word #: 11 of 16
something swinging, i.e., the valve of a door
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 12 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בְרִ֛יחַ nor bars H1280
בְרִ֛יחַ nor bars
Strong's: H1280
Word #: 13 of 16
a bolt
ל֖וֹ H0
ל֖וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 16
בָּדָ֥ד alone H910
בָּדָ֥ד alone
Strong's: H910
Word #: 15 of 16
separate; adverb, separately
יִשְׁכֹּֽנוּ׃ which dwell H7931
יִשְׁכֹּֽנוּ׃ which dwell
Strong's: H7931
Word #: 16 of 16
to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

Arise, get you up unto the wealthy nation, that dwelleth without care (קוּמוּ עֲלוּ אֶל־גּוֹי שְׁלֵיו יוֹשֵׁב לָבֶטַח, qumu alu el-goy sh'lev yoshev lavetach)—God commands Babylon to attack a shalev (at ease, tranquil) people living lavetach (securely). This is biting irony: Kedar's security becomes the reason for attack. Prosperity without vigilance invites predation. Their 'dwelling in security' stems from isolation, not covenant protection—a false security exposed by judgment.

Which have neither gates nor bars, which dwell alone (לֹא־דְלָתַיִם וְלֹא־בְרִיחַ לוֹ בָּדָד יִשְׁכֹּנוּ, lo-d'latayim v'lo-v'riach lo badad yishkonu)—No fortifications, and dwelling badad (alone, isolated). This describes nomadic lifestyle as tactical weakness. The very independence and mobility Kedar prized becomes vulnerability. Numbers 23:9's description of Israel ('the people shall dwell alone') is inverted—Israel's separation was holy distinction under God's protection; Kedar's isolation is merely geographic, offering no shelter from Babylon's reach or God's justice.

Historical Context

Bedouin tribes' lack of fixed fortifications was strategic—they relied on desert's vastness and mobility. But this also meant vulnerability to concerted military campaigns. Their 'dwelling alone' reflected political independence, not covenant relationship. Geographic isolation cannot substitute for divine protection.

Questions for Reflection

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