Jeremiah 31:28

Authorized King James Version

And it shall come to pass, that like as I have watched over them, to pluck up, and to break down, and to throw down, and to destroy, and to afflict; so will I watch over them, to build, and to plant, saith the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהָיָ֞ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#3
אֶשְׁקֹ֧ד
And it shall come to pass that like as I have watched over
to be alert, i.e., sleepless; hence to be on the lookout (whether for good or ill)
#4
עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
לִנְת֧וֹשׁ
them to pluck up
to tear away
#6
וְלִנְת֛וֹץ
and to break down
to tear down
#7
וְלַהֲרֹ֖ס
and to throw down
to pull down or in pieces, break, destroy
#8
וּלְהַאֲבִ֣יד
H6
and to destroy
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#9
וּלְהָרֵ֑עַ
and to afflict
properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)
#10
כֵּ֣ן
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#11
אֶשְׁקֹ֧ד
And it shall come to pass that like as I have watched over
to be alert, i.e., sleepless; hence to be on the lookout (whether for good or ill)
#12
עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
לִבְנ֥וֹת
them to build
to build (literally and figuratively)
#14
וְלִנְט֖וֹעַ
and to plant
properly, to strike in, i.e., fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)
#15
נְאֻם
saith
an oracle
#16
יְהוָֽה׃
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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