Jeremiah 18:13

Authorized King James Version

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Therefore thus saith the LORD; Ask ye now among the heathen, who hath heard such things: the virgin of Israel hath done a very horrible thing.

Original Language Analysis

לָכֵ֗ן H3651
לָכֵ֗ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 15
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
כֹּ֚ה H3541
כֹּ֚ה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 2 of 15
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֣ר Therefore thus saith H559
אָמַ֣ר Therefore thus saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 15
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֔ה the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 4 of 15
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
שַֽׁאֲלוּ Ask H7592
שַֽׁאֲלוּ Ask
Strong's: H7592
Word #: 5 of 15
to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
נָא֙ H4994
נָא֙
Strong's: H4994
Word #: 6 of 15
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם ye now among the heathen H1471
בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם ye now among the heathen
Strong's: H1471
Word #: 7 of 15
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
מִ֥י H4310
מִ֥י
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 8 of 15
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
שָׁמַ֖ע who hath heard H8085
שָׁמַ֖ע who hath heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 9 of 15
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
כָּאֵ֑לֶּה H428
כָּאֵ֑לֶּה
Strong's: H428
Word #: 10 of 15
these or those
שַֽׁעֲרֻרִת֙ horrible thing H8186
שַֽׁעֲרֻרִת֙ horrible thing
Strong's: H8186
Word #: 11 of 15
something fearful
עָשְׂתָ֣ה hath done H6213
עָשְׂתָ֣ה hath done
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 12 of 15
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מְאֹ֔ד a very H3966
מְאֹ֔ד a very
Strong's: H3966
Word #: 13 of 15
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
בְּתוּלַ֖ת such things the virgin H1330
בְּתוּלַ֖ת such things the virgin
Strong's: H1330
Word #: 14 of 15
a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 15 of 15
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis & Commentary

God's response to such defiance: "Ask ye now among the heathen, who hath heard such things." God appeals to universal moral consciousness—even pagan nations would be shocked by Israel's behavior. The rhetorical question implies the answer: no one has heard of anything so perverse. "The virgin of Israel hath done a very horrible thing"—the term "virgin" emphasizes Israel's covenant relationship, set apart for God alone. The adjective "horrible" (sha'arurah, שַׁעֲרוּרָה) denotes something that causes shuddering revulsion.

The scandal: God's own covenant people, who received His law, presence, and blessings, have become more corrupt than pagans who never knew Him. This theme recurs in prophetic literature (Jer 2:10-11, Ezek 5:5-7, 16:44-52)—Israel's sin is magnified because it's committed against greater light and privilege. Greater privilege brings greater responsibility and, when violated, greater judgment (Luke 12:47-48, Jas 3:1).

This principle applies to Christian nations and individuals. Those raised in the church, exposed to Scripture, and familiar with the gospel bear greater responsibility. Apostasy from known truth is worse than pagan ignorance. The Reformed tradition emphasizes covenant privilege brings covenant obligation—those within the visible church family face stricter judgment for unfaithfulness (1 Pet 4:17).

Historical Context

Ancient Israel's unique covenant relationship with Yahweh distinguished them from all nations. They received God's law (Rom 3:2, 9:4-5), witnessed miracles, enjoyed divine presence in the tabernacle/temple, and received prophetic revelation. This privileged position made their idolatry and rebellion especially egregious. The prophets consistently highlighted this incongruity—God's treasured possession acting worse than nations who never knew Him.

Questions for Reflection

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