Isaiah 65:3

Authorized King James Version

A people that provoketh me to anger continually to my face; that sacrificeth in gardens, and burneth incense upon altars of brick;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הָעָ֗ם
A people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#2
הַמַּכְעִסִ֥ים
that provoketh me to anger
to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant
#3
אֹתִ֛י
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
פָּנַ֖י
to my face
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#6
תָּמִ֑יד
continually
properly, continuance (as indefinite extension); but used only (attributively as adjective) constant (or adverbially, constantly); elliptically the re
#7
זֹֽבְחִים֙
that sacrificeth
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
#8
בַּגַּנּ֔וֹת
in gardens
a garden
#9
וּֽמְקַטְּרִ֖ים
and burneth incense
to smoke, i.e., turn into fragrance by fire (especially as an act of worship)
#10
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
הַלְּבֵנִֽים׃
upon altars of brick
a brick (from the whiteness of the clay)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People