Isaiah 63:17
O LORD, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants' sake, the tribes of thine inheritance.
Original Language Analysis
לָ֣מָּה
H4100
לָ֣מָּה
Strong's:
H4100
Word #:
1 of 12
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
תַתְעֵ֤נוּ
why hast thou made us to err
H8582
תַתְעֵ֤נוּ
why hast thou made us to err
Strong's:
H8582
Word #:
2 of 12
to vacillate, i.e., reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both
יְהוָה֙
O LORD
H3068
יְהוָה֙
O LORD
Strong's:
H3068
Word #:
3 of 12
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
מִדְּרָכֶ֔יךָ
from thy ways
H1870
מִדְּרָכֶ֔יךָ
from thy ways
Strong's:
H1870
Word #:
4 of 12
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
לִבֵּ֖נוּ
our heart
H3820
לִבֵּ֖נוּ
our heart
Strong's:
H3820
Word #:
6 of 12
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
מִיִּרְאָתֶ֑ךָ
from thy fear
H3374
מִיִּרְאָתֶ֑ךָ
from thy fear
Strong's:
H3374
Word #:
7 of 12
fear (also used as infinitive); morally, reverence
שׁ֚וּב
Return
H7725
שׁ֚וּב
Return
Strong's:
H7725
Word #:
8 of 12
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
לְמַ֣עַן
H4616
לְמַ֣עַן
Strong's:
H4616
Word #:
9 of 12
properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that
Cross References
Isaiah 6:10Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.Joshua 11:20For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts, that they should come against Israel in battle, that he might destroy them utterly, and that they might have no favour, but that he might destroy them, as the LORD commanded Moses.Deuteronomy 2:30But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.Isaiah 29:13Wherefore the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near me with their mouth, and with their lips do honour me, but have removed their heart far from me, and their fear toward me is taught by the precept of men:Psalms 90:13Return, O LORD, how long? and let it repent thee concerning thy servants.John 12:40He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.Numbers 10:36And when it rested, he said, Return, O LORD, unto the many thousands of Israel.
Historical Context
This echoes the hardening theme of Isaiah 6:10 and anticipates Romans 9-11. The relationship between divine sovereignty and human responsibility remains mysterious yet real.
Questions for Reflection
- How do you understand the relationship between God's sovereignty and human sin?
- What does it mean to pray for God to 'return'?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
'O LORD, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants' sake, the tribes of thine inheritance.' The bold question attributes their wandering to God - 'why hast thou made us to err?' This doesn't deny human responsibility but acknowledges divine sovereignty even over sin's effects. The prayer is for God to 'return.'