Isaiah 56:11

Authorized King James Version

Yea, they are greedy dogs which can never have enough, and they are shepherds that cannot understand: they all look to their own way, every one for his gain, from his quarter.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים
dogs
a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute
#2
עַזֵּי
Yea they are greedy
strong, vehement, harsh
#3
נֶ֗פֶשׁ
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#4
לֹ֤א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#5
יָדְע֖וּ
never have
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#6
שָׂבְעָ֔ה
enough
satiety
#7
וְהֵ֣מָּה
they (only used when emphatic)
#8
רֹעִ֔ים
and they are shepherds
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
#9
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
יָדְע֖וּ
never have
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#11
הָבִ֑ין
that cannot understand
to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e., (generally) understand
#12
כֻּלָּם֙
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#13
לְדַרְכָּ֣ם
to their own way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#14
פָּנ֔וּ
they all look
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
#15
אִ֥ישׁ
every one
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#16
לְבִצְע֖וֹ
for his gain
plunder; by extension, gain (usually unjust)
#17
מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃
from his quarter
an extremity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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