Isaiah 51:4

Authorized King James Version

Hearken unto me, my people; and give ear unto me, O my nation: for a law shall proceed from me, and I will make my judgment to rest for a light of the people.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ
Hearken
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
#2
אֵלַי֙
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
עַמִּ֖ים
of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#4
וּלְאוּמִּ֖י
unto me O my nation
a community
#5
אֵלַ֣י
near, with or among; often in general, to
#6
הַאֲזִ֑ינוּ
and give ear
to broaden out the ear (with the hand), i.e., (by implication) to listen
#7
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#8
תוֹרָה֙
for a law
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
#9
מֵאִתִּ֣י
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
תֵצֵ֔א
shall proceed
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#11
וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֔י
from me and I will make my judgment
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
#12
לְא֥וֹר
for a light
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
#13
עַמִּ֖ים
of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#14
אַרְגִּֽיעַ׃
to rest
properly, to toss violently and suddenly (the sea with waves, the skin with boils); figuratively (in a favorable manner) to settle, i.e., quiet; speci

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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