Isaiah 51:11

Authorized King James Version

Therefore the redeemed of the LORD shall return, and come with singing unto Zion; and everlasting joy shall be upon their head: they shall obtain gladness and joy; and sorrow and mourning shall flee away.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּפְדוּיֵ֨י
Therefore the redeemed
to sever, i.e., ransom; generally to release, preserve
#2
יְהוָ֜ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
יְשׁוּב֗וּן
shall return
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#4
וּבָ֤אוּ
and come
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#5
צִיּוֹן֙
unto Zion
tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of jerusalem
#6
בְּרִנָּ֔ה
with singing
properly, a creaking (or shrill sound), i.e., shout (of joy or grief)
#7
וְשִׂמְחָה֙
and joy
blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)
#8
עוֹלָ֖ם
and everlasting
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#9
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#10
רֹאשָׁ֑ם
shall be upon their head
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
#11
שָׂשׂ֤וֹן
gladness
cheerfulness; specifically, welcome
#12
וְשִׂמְחָה֙
and joy
blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)
#13
יַשִּׂיג֔וּן
they shall obtain
to reach (literally or figuratively)
#14
נָ֖סוּ
shall flee away
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
#15
יָג֥וֹן
and sorrow
affliction
#16
וַאֲנָחָֽה׃
and mourning
sighing

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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