Isaiah 23:11

Authorized King James Version

He stretched out his hand over the sea, he shook the kingdoms: the LORD hath given a commandment against the merchant city, to destroy the strong holds thereof.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יָדוֹ֙
his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#2
נָטָ֣ה
He stretched out
to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
הַיָּ֔ם
over the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
#5
הִרְגִּ֖יז
he shook
to quiver (with any violent emotion, especially anger or fear)
#6
מַמְלָכ֑וֹת
the kingdoms
dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)
#7
יְהוָה֙
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
צִוָּ֣ה
hath given a commandment
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
כְּנַ֔עַן
against the merchant
kenaan, a son a ham; also the country inhabited by him
#11
לַשְׁמִ֖ד
city to destroy
to desolate
#12
מָעֻזְנֶֽיהָ׃
holds
a fortified place; figuratively, a defense

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights kingdom of God through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of kingdom connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about kingdom, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood kingdom. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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