Isaiah 23:12

Authorized King James Version

And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר

H559

And he said

to say (used with great latitude)

לֹֽא

H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תוֹסִ֥יפִי

H3254

Thou shalt no more

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

ע֖וֹד

H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

לַעְל֑וֹז

H5937

rejoice

to jump for joy, i.e., exult

הַֽמְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה

H6231

O thou oppressed

to press upon, i.e., oppress, defraud, violate, overflow

בְּתוּלַ֣ת

H1330

virgin

a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state

בַּת

H1323

daughter

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

צִיד֗וֹן

H6721

of Zidon

tsidon, the name of a son of canaan, and of a place in palestine

#10

כִּתִּיים֙

H3794

to Chittim

a kittite or cypriote; hence, an islander in general, i.e., the greeks or romans on the shores opposite palestine

#11

ק֣וּמִי

H6965

arise

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

#12

עֲבֹ֔רִי

H5674

pass over

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

#13

גַּם

H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

#14

שָׁ֖ם

H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

#15

לֹא

H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

#16

יָנ֥וּחַֽ

H5117

there also shalt thou have no rest

to rest, i.e., settle down; used in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, intransitive, transitive and causative (to dwell, stay, l

#17

לָֽךְ׃

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
What practical applications emerge from understanding salvation as presented in this verse, particularly in light of addressing questions of religious pluralism and the exclusivity of Christ?
How does this verse's literary context within Isaiah chapter 23 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?

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